What is Regenerative Medicine?
Regenerative medicine utilizes the latest techniques and innovations to replace tissue or organs damaged by age, trauma, disease, or congenital issues. This technology involves utilizing the human body’s amazing capacity to heal itself and extrapolating these processes to target specific conditions. This can be with tissue engineering, cellular therapies, medical devices and artificial organs to expedite the human body’s capacity to heal.
How is Regenerative Medicine relevant to sports injuries?
Regenerative medicine for sports injuries utilizes the body’s own cells, blood components, tissue, and growth factors to stimulate healing, replace lost tissue, improve pain and decrease inflammation. These techniques can help expedite an athlete’s ability to return to their sport or physical activity sooner than by conventional means. Most techniques are in their earliest stages of development but have been shown to improve certain tendinopathies and help with certain sports related injuries.
What are the different types of regenerative medicine used for sports injuries?
Platelet–rich plasma (PRP) is obtained by utilizing one’s own blood products and spinning the sample to concentrate the platelets and certain white blood cells. PRP can be injected directly into damaged tissue to accelerate healing in the nonoperative setting as well as within surgical procedures.
Bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC) is obtained from bone marrow which contains all the stem cells, growth factors and proteins required for healing and decreasing inflammation. Bone marrow stem cells are considered the most powerful for stimulating healing.
Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a type of regenerative medicine technique that harvests articular cartilage cells which can be grown in a laboratory and reimplanted to another part of the body to replace the damaged cartilage. Articular cartilage is the smooth white surfaces that cover all joints and allow them to glide more smoothly. This technique utilizes an individual’s own cartilage cells to stimulate growth of new cells and repair damage to the cartilage surface.
Tissue engineering is a technique where biologically compatible scaffolds are implanted into the body at a site where new tissue is to be formed. This can help recruit new cells to form in the desired area and help augment repairs within the body.