Conditions Treated

What is Rotator Cuff Arthropathy? Rotator Cuff Arthropathy is a condition of the shoulder in which there is a large rotator cuff tear that has been present for a long time. A large rotator cuff will eventually cause the ball and socket joint to no longer be lined up...

What is Shoulder (Glenohumeral Joint) Arthritis? Arthritis is a common diagnosis that affects millions every year. Arthritis is an inflammation of one or more joints which causes the erosion or loss of normal joint architecture. In the shoulder, this means development...

What is Shoulder Instability? Shoulder instability is when the ball and socket joint of the shoulder comes out of place. This can occur once or sometimes can reoccur over a long period of time. Once a shoulder comes out of socket, the shoulder is vulnerable to repeat...

What is Shoulder Impingement? Shoulder impingement is when the outer edges of the shoulder blade, called the acromion, rubs against or pinches off the rotator cuff tendon. This results in pain and irritation and is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain....

What is Frozen Shoulder or Adhesive Capsulitis? Frozen shoulder is a painful inflammatory condition of the shoulder in which the shoulder loses motion over time. Pain and stiffness continue to be the overwhelming issue which causes further loss of motion of the...

What is Proximal biceps tendonits/tear? The proximal biceps tendon is an anatomic structure in the shoulder that commonly gets inflamed (tendonitis) or tears with acute/chronic injuries. This structure is called the appendix of the shoulder because it does not have...

What is a Shoulder Labral Tear? The labrum is a soft fibrous tissue that deepens the socket of the shoulder to allow the ball to sit deeper in the socket. The labrum is often torn over time after repetitive overhead activities, such as throwing, lifting, and labor...

What are Throwing Injuries in the Shoulder? Overhead throwing athletes can sustain injuries in the shoulder due to repetitive overhand motions and trauma during sporting activities. Commonly, this occurs in baseball athletes but can occur in other sports such as...

What is a Rotator Cuff Tear? A rotator cuff (RTC) tear is a common shoulder problem that people consult with a physician for, especially in patients older than 60 years of age. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles in the shoulder that enable people to lift...

What is a Distal Biceps Tendon Tear? The distal biceps tendon is the main attachment for the biceps muscle onto the radius or bone in the forearm. The distal biceps tendon provides the majority of strength of the elbow in bending (flexion) and twisting the forearm...

What is an ulnar collateral ligament tear? The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is the main stabilizing ligament on the inside of the elbow. The UCL helps athletes, especially throwing athletes, with the ability to throw or put force on the inside of the elbow. This...

What is a Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy or Transfer (TTO)? This is an open surgical procedure that is performed to address chronic patella (kneecap) instability. The kneecap is normally held in place by ligaments and bony architecture of the knee. This procedure is an...

What is a MPFL Reconstruction/Repair? The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the main ligament that stabilizes the patella (kneecap), from moving out of place. This ligament connects between the medial or inside of the femur by the knee and the medial aspect of...

What is Patellofemoral Instability (Unstable kneecap)? The patella (kneecap) is the bone that sits in front of your knee that helps to connect the thigh muscles to the shin bone (tibia). The patella sits within a groove in the femur or thigh bone. The patella is a...

What is an Osteotomy? An osteotomy refers to cutting the bone. In the knee, the tibia (shin bone) or femur (thigh bone) can be cut in order to reshape the leg to take pressure off the painful or arthritic side of the knee. This is similar to performing an alignment of...

What is Cartilage Repair and Restoration? A joint is composed of two bones meeting together. The ends of each bone are covered with articular cartilage which is a smooth white covering that allows the bones to glide smoothly with one another. The knee joint is most...

What is a Multiligamentous knee injury? The knee has many structures that help stabilize the knee. These are mainly different types of collateral ligaments and cruciate ligaments (ACL, PCL, LCL, and MCL). Each one of these ligaments has a specific role in keeping the...

What is the PCL? The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is a central stabilizing ligament in the middle of the knee. The PCL is located just behind the ACL. This ligament connects between the thigh bone (femur) and the shin bone (tibia). The PCL helps prevent the shin...

What is a meniscus? The meniscus is an important structure in the knee and has two main functions. The meniscus helps protect the cartilage in the knee by acting as a cushion between the thigh bone and shin bone, just like brake pads in a car. A meniscus plays a small...

What is the ACL? The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the main stabilizing ligaments in the knee that enables people to twist and turn on their knee without giving out. The ACL connects between the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone) and is located in...